【 文献重点摘要 】

Background

The aims of the present study were to clarify the topographic relationships between various structures in the lateral midface and to provide important anatomical information pertinent to face lifting or treatment of damage to the midface structure.

Methods

Thirty-two fixed cadavers were dissected (23 males and 9 females; mean age, 66.8 years) and 55 sides of midface were used. The transverse facial artery (TFA), zygomatic branch (Zb) and buccal branch (Bb) of the facial nerve, and the parotid duct (PD) were identified. The structures of the lateral midface were measured relative to the zygion and tragion. The vertical average distances from the zygion to each structure increased in the following order: ZB of the facial nerve, TFA, first Bb of the facial nerve, and PD. The horizontal average distance from the tragion to the point of emergence from anterior border of the parotid gland was also measured.

Results

The TFA was the closest and the third Bb of the facial nerve was the farthest away. The angles between the horizontal line and ZB of the facial nerve, TFA, PD, and first Bb of the facial nerve were +10.4, -2.3, -18.5, and -27.1 degrees, respectively.

Conclusions

These results may be used to establish the precise locations and the courses of the important midface structures, and represent valuable data that may help to prevent complications during surgery for face lifting and reconstruction of the facial nerve and PD.

Keywords

transverse facial artery, facial nerve, parotid duct, midface, anatomy

背景

本研究的目的是阐明面中部外侧各种结构之间的解剖关系，并为面中部结构的隆起或损伤的治疗提供重要的解剖学信息。

方法

解剖32具固定身体(男23具，女9具，平均年龄66.8岁)，面中部55侧。面神经横支(TFA)、颧支(ZB)、颊支(BB)，腮腺导管(PD)。测量了面中部外侧的结构与关节和面突的相对位置。面神经ZB、TFA、面神经第一BB、PD的平均垂直距离依次为：面神经ZB、TFA、面神经第一BB、PD。同时测量从腮腺前缘到出现点的水平平均距离。

结果

TFA最近，面神经第三BB最远。面神经水平线与面神经ZB、TFA、PD和第一BB的夹角分别为+10.4°、-2.3°、-18.5°和-27.1°。

结论

这些结果可用于确定面中部重要结构的精确位置和走行，为预防面神经和PD手术并发症的发生提供有价值的资料。

关键词

面横动脉，面神经，腮腺导管，面中部，解剖