【 文献重点摘要 】
 

Background: The ever-expanding range of dermal filler products for aesthetic soft tissue augmentation is of benefit for patients and physicians, but as indications and the number of procedures performed increase, the number of complications will likely also increase.

Objective: To describe potential adverse events associated with dermal fillers and to provide structured and clear guidance on their treatment and avoidance.

Methods: Reports of dermal filler complications in the medical literature were reviewed and, based on the publications retrieved and the authors’ extensive experience, recommendations for avoiding and managing complications are provided.

Results: Different dermal fillers have widely varying properties, associated risks, and injection requirements. All dermal fillers have the potential to cause complications. Most are related to volume and technique, though some are associated with the material itself. The majority of adverse reactions are mild and transient, such as bruising and trauma-related edema. Serious adverse events are rare, and most are avoidable with proper planning and technique.

Conclusion: For optimum outcomes, aesthetic physicians should have a detailed understanding of facial anatomy; the individual characteristics of available fillers; their indications, contraindications, benefits, and drawbacks; and ways to prevent and avoid potential complications.

Keywords: aesthetic medicine, complications

背景：用于美容软组织增厚的真皮填充物产品的范围不断扩大，对患者和医生都有好处，但随着适应症和手术次数的增加，并发症的数量也可能会增加。

目的：描述与真皮填充物相关的潜在不良事件，并对其治疗和避免提供结构清晰的指导。

方法：复习医学文献中有关真皮填充物并发症的报道，结合文献检索和作者的丰富经验，提出避免和处理并发症的建议。

结果：不同的真皮填充物有很大不同的性质、相关的风险和注射要求。所有真皮填充物都有可能导致并发症。大多数与体积和技术有关，但也有一些与材料本身有关。大多数不良反应都是轻微的和短暂的，如瘀伤和创伤相关的水肿。严重的不良事件很少见，如果有适当的计划和技术，大多数是可以避免的。

结论：为获得最佳效果，美容医生应详细了解面部解剖；可用填充物的个体特征；它们的适应症、禁忌症、优点和缺点；以及预防和避免潜在并发症的方法。

关键词：美容医学，并发症