Botulinum toxin in the management of blepharospasm: current evidence and recent developments
Amy Hellman and Diego Torres-Russotto
【 文献重点摘要 】
Blepharospasm is a focal (although usually bilateral) dystonia of the orbicularis oculi muscles, producing excessive eye closure. This produces significant disability through functional blindness. Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) have become the treatment of choice for blepharospasm; the impressive response rate and the tolerable safety profile have been proven through multiple clinical studies. There are currently four BoNT approved in the United States for different indications - we review the data on blepharospasm for each of these drugs. Currently, incobotulinumtoxinA and onabotulinumtoxinA have the most evidence of benefit for patients with blepharospasm. Current evidence, recent development and future directions are discussed.
Keywords
botulinum toxin, Botox, Xeomin, Dysport, Myobloc, blepharospasm, dystonia, chemodenervation
眼睑痉挛是眼轮匝肌的局灶性(虽然通常是双侧)肌张力障碍,导致过度闭眼。这会导致严重的功能性失明。肉毒杆菌神经毒素(BONT)已成为治疗眼睑痉挛的首选药物,其令人印象深刻的反应率和可耐受的安全性已被多项临床研究证明。目前有四种BONT在美国被批准用于不同的适应症-我们回顾了每一种药物关于眼睑痉挛的数据。目前,对眼睑痉挛患者有益的证据最多的是incobotulinumtoxinA和onabotulinumoxinA。讨论了目前的证据、最新进展和未来的发展方向。
关键词
肉毒杆菌毒素,肉毒杆菌毒素,克索明,运动障碍,肌瘤,眼睑痉挛,肌张力障碍,化学去神经