【 文献重点摘要 】

Noninvasive procedures targeting the elimination of unwanted adipose tissues have recently been developed. Injection adipolysis is the term for the injection of cytotoxic substances into these tissues, with the intent of cosmetic improvement by volume reduction. Initial attempts in the field utilized intravenous preparations of sodium deoxycholate and soy-derived phosphatidylcholine, approved for the intravenous treatment of fat emboli and dyslipidemias in countries outside the United States. it was initially purported that the active ingredient in these injections was phosphatidylcholine. Subsequent research discovered that injections of sodium deoxycholate alone were capable of inducing cellular lysis in vitro. These compounds also demonstrated an affinity for adipose tissue, sparing the overlying dermis and epidermis. The United States Food and Drug administration (FDA) recently approved a formulation of sodium deoxycholate 10mg/mL for subcutaneous injection with the indication of aesthetic improvement of excess submental fat. it has shown moderate efficacy with appropriate patient selection and good patient satisfaction. However, previous research leading to the development of this drug proposed that including phosphatidylcholine to a more appealing cosmetic result, with decreased severity of injection-site reactions. Future drugs in the field of injection adipolysis may attempt to combine these ingredients for improved cosmesis and tolerability.

针对不需要的脂肪组织的非侵入性程序最近已经被开发出来。注射性脂肪分解是将细胞毒性物质注射到这些组织中，目的是通过减小体积来改善美容。该领域的初步尝试使用脱氧胆酸钠和大豆衍生磷脂酰胆碱的静脉制剂，这两种药物在美国以外的国家被批准用于静脉治疗脂肪栓塞和血脂异常。最初声称这些注射剂中的有效成分是磷脂酰胆碱。随后的研究发现，单独注射脱氧胆酸钠能够在体外诱导细胞溶解。这些化合物还表现出对脂肪组织的亲和力，而不影响覆盖的真皮和表皮。美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)最近批准了一种脱氧胆酸钠10毫克/毫升的皮下注射配方，表明可以美观地改善多余的金属下脂肪。患者选择得当，患者满意度好，疗效适中。然而，导致这种药物开发的先前研究提出，将磷脂酰胆碱加入到更具吸引力的美容效果中，可以降低注射部位反应的严重程度。未来注射消脂领域的药物可能会尝试将这些成分结合起来，以改善美容和耐受性。